4.1 栓接連接副的性能取決于其規定的零件性能，如表1所示。
表1 各種栓接連接副的構成
項目 | 栓接連接副 HR | 栓接連接副 HV |
通用要求 | GB/T 32076.1 | |
預載荷适應性試驗 | GB/T 32076.2，如有附加試驗應在產品标準中規定 | |
螺栓和螺母 | GB/T 32076.3 | GB/T 32076.4、GB/T 32076.7 |
螺栓标志 | HR | HV |
螺母标志 | HR | HV |
性能等級 | 8.8/8 | 10.9/10 |
墊圈 | GB/T 32076.5 或 GB/T 32076.6 | GB/T 32076.6 |
墊圈标志 | HR | HV |
在10.9級螺栓的制造過程，尤其是塗鍍過程中，應有預防氫脆風險的措施。當氫脆風險不可避免時，應考慮适當的工藝措施。10.9級螺栓應采用滾壓螺紋。
熱浸鍍鋅螺母應先鍍鋅，後攻絲，且不應重複攻絲(再回絲)。
表面處理和塗鍍層，應按栓接連接副產品标準的規定。
一套栓接連接副中的所有零件塗鍍層應一緻，并有相同的耐腐蝕性。
每一個零件的塗鍍工藝，都應受栓接連接副制造者的控制。
4.2.1 螺栓和螺母
螺栓和螺母的尺寸與公差應按5.1.1的規定。
為降低氫脆及其他氫緻失效風險，對10.9級螺栓，頭下圓角半徑應符合GB/T 32076.3、 GB/T 32076.4和GB/T 32076.7的規定。
HR型螺栓，見GB/T 32076.3，由于螺紋太短，未旋合的螺紋長度小于4個螺距時，應制成全螺紋。
尺寸、形狀和位置公差應符合訂單和產品标準的規定。所有要求适用于塗鍍前。
螺紋公差應符合：
——6g：不經處理的螺栓；
——6g：螺栓塗鍍前；
——6H：不經處理的螺母；
——6AZ：螺母熱浸鍍鋅(見GB/T 5267.3)。
其他塗鍍層的螺母螺紋公差應按相關塗鍍層技術條件的規定。
4.2.2 墊圈應按5.1.2 的規定。
4.3 零件機械性能
4.3.1 螺栓規定非比例延伸0.2%的應力應按GB/T 3098.1進行試驗，其結果應符合 GB/T 32076.3、GB/T 32076.4 或GB/T 32076.7 的規定。
4.3.2 螺栓應按 GB/T 3098.1進行拉力試驗，其結果應符合GB/T 32076.3、GB/T 32076.4或GB/T 32076.7的規定。
4.3.3 螺栓保證載荷試驗應按GB/T 3098.1進行，其結果應符合GB/T 32076.3、GB/T 32076.4或GB/T 32076.7的規定。
螺母保證載荷試驗應按GB/T 3098.2進行，其結果應符合GB/T 32076.3、GB/T 32076.4或GB/T 32076.7的規定（如有需要，還應符合特殊技術要求）。
4.3.4 螺栓楔負載試驗應按GB/T 3098.1進行，其結果應符合GB/T 32076.3、GB/T 32076.4或GB/T 32076.7的規定。
4.3.5 螺栓沖擊吸收能量試驗應按GB/T 3098.1進行，其結果應符合GB/T 32076.3、GB/T 32076.4或GB/T 32076.7的規定。
4.3.6 螺栓硬度試驗應按GB/T 3098.1進行，其結果應符合GB/T 32076.3、GB/T 32076.4或GB/T 32076.7的規定。
螺母硬度試驗應按GB/T 3098.2進行，其結果應符合GB/T 32076.3、GB/T 32076.4或GB/T 32076.7的規定。
墊圈硬度試驗應按GB/T 4340.1進行，其結果應符合GB/T 32076.3、GB/T 32076.4或GB/T 32076.7的規定。
4.4 栓接連接副性能
4.4.1 栓接連接副扭矩系數k應按GB/T32076.2進行試驗。
扭矩系數k的技術要求應按產品标準的規定。
對交付栓接連接副的扭矩系數k，應按表2規定的K等級之一進行驗收。ki、km和Vk在產品标準中規定。按K2級規定的栓接連接副,，僅按4.6a）提供產品。
表2 K等級
K等級 | 提供的信息 |
K0 | 不要求k系數 |
K1 | 單個試驗值的範圍k |
K2 | 平均試驗值k |
4.4.2 栓接連接副預載荷适應性應按GB/T 32076.2和表3進行評定。
——HR型栓接連接副：按GB/T 32076.3；
——HV型栓接連接副：按GB/T 32076.4、GB/T32076.7。
表3 預載荷适應性與引用标準
預載荷适應性 | 引用标準 |
螺栓軸力Fbi max a | HR型大六角頭：按GB/T 32076.3 |
a. 按GB/T 32076.2規定的擰緊試驗過程中，螺栓受力的最大值。 | |
4.4.3 栓接連接副的特性，尤其是扭矩系數，應采用适當的貯藏條件，以保持產品的交貨狀态。
4.4.4 本部分規定的產品，不應包含或排放超過法規規定限值的有害物質。
有害物質的釋放程度可由測量所使用材料中該物質的含量間接評定。
4.5 栓接連接副零件标志
表4 栓接連接副零件的性能等級标志
產品标準 | 螺栓 | 螺母 | 墊圈 |
GB/T 32076.3 | 8.8 HR | 8 HR或10 HR | HR |
GB/T 32076.3 | 10.9 HR | 10 HR | HR |
GB/T 32076.4 | 10.9 HV | 10 HV | HV |
GB/T 32076.5 | / | / | HR |
GB/T 32076.6 | / | / | HR或HV |
GB/T 32076.7 | 10.9 HV | 10 HV | HV |
5.1.1 螺栓和螺母應按GB/T 3103.1實施評定，其結果應符合GB/T 32076.3、GB/T 32076.4和GB/T 32076.7規定的產品等級的要求。
尺寸與公差應由符合表5、表6要求的量規或測量器具進行檢查。
表5 螺栓
尺寸a | 精度/mm | 量具 |
對邊寬度s | ≤ 0.05 | 測量器具 |
對角寬度e | ≤ 0.05 | 測量器具 |
頭高k | ≤ 0.05 | 測量器具 |
杆徑ds | ≤ 0.05 | 測量器具 |
公稱長度l | ≤ 0.1 | 測量器具 |
無螺紋杆部長度ls | ≤ 0.1 | 測量器具 |
從支承面到第一個完整螺紋的距離lg | ≤ 0.1 | 測量器具 |
螺紋尺寸 | / | 量規 |
頭下圓角半徑r | / | 量規 |
槽深t | ≤ 0.1 | 測量器具 |
a. 尺寸代号與标記按GB/T 5276的規定。 | ||
表6 螺母
尺寸a | 精度/mm | 量具 |
對邊寬度s | ≤ 0.05 | 測量器具 |
對角寬度e | ≤ 0.05 | 測量器具 |
螺母高度m | ≤ 0.05 | 測量器具 |
螺紋尺寸 | / | 量規 |
a. 尺寸代号與标記按GB/T 5276的規定。 | ||
5.1.2 墊圈應按GB/T3103.3實施評定，其結果應符合GB/T 32076.5、GB/T 32076.6或GB/T32076.7規定的要求。
零件公差應由符合表7要求的量規或測量器具進行檢查。
表7 墊圈
尺寸a | 精度/mm | 量具 |
孔徑 | ≤ 0.1/— | 測量器具/量規 |
外徑 | ≤ 0.1 | 測量器具/量規 |
厚度 | ≤ 0.05 | 測量器具 |
a. 尺寸代号與标記按GB/T 32076.5或GB/T 32076.6的規定。 | ||
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