圖 B.4 耐腐蝕性和間隙的兼容性檢查
符合 GB/T 10125 規定的中性鹽霧試驗(NSS) 用于評估塗層體系的耐腐蝕性。
當要求對鹽霧試驗箱進行評估時,宜參照附錄C進行。
中性鹽霧試驗應在塗覆24 h後,在分揀、包裝和/或裝配前,對緊固件單獨進行。
按表1規定的試驗時間進行中性鹽霧試驗後,在基體金屬上不應有目測可見的金屬腐蝕(紅鏽)。
在評估耐腐蝕性時,不應考慮夾具與緊固件的接觸點。
表1 中性鹽霧試驗标準周期
中性鹽霧試驗持續時間(無紅鏽)/h | 塗層體系參考厚度a /μm |
240 | 4 |
480 | 5 |
600 | 6 |
720 | 8 |
960 | 10 |
塗層體系組成(僅包括底塗層、底塗層+表面塗層等)應在訂貨時規定。 | |
a. 參考厚度包括底塗層和表面塗層(如有),有或沒有六價鉻。耐腐蝕性應是接收的依據,參考厚度僅供參考。 |
B.3塗層厚度的變化
緊固件鋅片塗層通常采用浸入-旋轉工藝,這導緻塗層厚度不均勻。
浸入-旋轉塗覆工藝會產生局部厚度顯著變化, 超出塗層厚度1/3t~1/2t。這個塗層厚度變量通常不會影響螺紋配合。宜謹慎考慮塗層厚度對螺紋基本中徑的影響,以滿足螺紋配合和量規擰入性。螺紋牙底塗層過厚通常不影響螺紋配合和量規擰入性,鋅片塗層工藝通常不會導緻螺紋牙頂塗層過厚。
注: 大規格、長尺寸或質量大的緊固件通常用挂裝塗覆。表B.1塗層厚度和螺紋基本中徑的幾何關系
塗層厚度 t | 螺紋基本中徑增加值 4ta |
3 | 12 |
4 | 16 |
5 | 20 |
6 | 24 |
8 | 32 |
10 | 40 |
12 | 48 |
a. 對應塗層厚度t所需的螺紋基本中徑基本偏差(間隙)增加值。 |
表B.2 ISO米制螺紋間隙的理論極限值
螺距 P mm | 螺紋公稱直徑a d或D mm | 内螺紋 | 外螺紋 | |||
公差位置 G | 公差位置 g | 公差位置 f | 公差位置 e | |||
粗牙 | 細牙 | 最小間隙b μm | 最小間隙b μm | 最小間隙b μm | 最小間隙b μm | |
0.25 | 1和1.2 | / | +18 | -18 | / | / |
0.3 | 1.4 | / | +18 | -18 | / | / |
0.35 | 1.5和1.8 | / | +19 | -19 | -34 | / |
0.4 | 2 | / | +19 | -19 | -34 | / |
0.45 | 2.2和2.5 | / | +20 | -20 | -35 | / |
0.5 | 3 | / | +20 | -20 | -36 | -50 |
0.6 | 3.5 | / | +21 | -21 | -36 | -53 |
0.7 | 4 | / | +22 | -22 | -38 | -56 |
0.75 | 4.5 | / | +22 | -22 | -38 | -56 |
0.8 | 5 | / | +24 | -24 | -38 | -60 |
1 | 6和7 | 8和10 | +26 | -26 | -40 | -60 |
1.25 | 8 | 10和12 | +28 | -28 | -42 | -63 |
1.5 | 10 | 12~22 | +32 | -32 | -45 | -67 |
1.75 | 12 | / | +34 | -34 | -48 | -71 |
2 | 14和16 | 20~33 | +38 | -38 | -52 | -71 |
2.5 | 18、20和22 | / | +42 | -42 | -58 | -80 |
3 | 24和27 | 36~48 | +48 | -48 | -63 | -85 |
3.5 | 30和33 | / | +53 | -53 | -70 | -90 |
4 | 36和39 | 52~64 | +60 | -60 | -75 | -95 |
4.5 | 42和45 | / | +63 | -63 | -80 | -100 |
5 | 48和52 | / | +71 | -71 | -85 | -106 |
5.5 | 56和60 | / | +75 | -75 | -90 | -112 |
6 | 64 | / | +80 | -80 | -95 | -118 |
a. 螺紋公稱直徑作為信息給出,螺距是決定性特性。 b. 最小間隙對應于基本偏差。 |
B. 6.1 螺紋公差6g的螺栓示例
緊固件——符合GB/T 5782的螺栓M12,螺距1.75mm
耐腐蝕性要求——480h
查表1——參考塗層厚度:5μm
可能的分布(見B.3)——基本中徑上的最大厚度5μm+2.5μm,圓整至8μm
查表B.1(8μm×4)——32μm
查表B.2(6g)——最小間隙:34μm
結論:當計算值(32μm)小于或等于表B.2規定的最小間隙(34μm)時,對于塗覆前6g的螺紋,塗層厚度符合要求。
B. 6.2螺紋公差6g的螺釘示例
緊固件——符合GB/T5783的螺栓M6,螺距1mm
耐腐蝕性要求——600h
查表1——參考塗層厚度:6μm
可能的分布(見B.3)——基本中徑上的最大厚度6μm+3μm
查表B.1(9μm×4)——36μm
查表B.2(6g)——最小間隙:26μm
結論:計算值(36μm)超過表B.2規定的最小間隙(26μm)時,塗層厚度不符合要求。
B. 6.3 與B.6.2中相同的螺釘,螺紋公差6f
緊固件——符合GB/T5783的螺栓M6,螺距1mm
耐腐蝕性要求——600h
查表1——參考塗層厚度:6μm
可能的分布(見B.3)——基本中徑上的最大厚度6μm+3μm
查表B.1(9μm×4)——36μm
查表B.2(6f)——最小間隙:40μm
結論:計算值(36μm)小于表B.2規定的最小間隙(40μm),對于塗覆前為6f螺紋,塗層厚度符合要求。
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